The catalytic reactor is a horizontal carbon steel container. The catalyst bed height is generally 0.9-1.2m. It is tiled on the horizontal centerline of the reactor. Either the improper design or careless installation (especially of metal mesh sales) can lead to leakage of the catalyst, which must be stopped for reloading and cleaning of downstream equipment. The design of the catalytic reactor has the following characteristics:
- Lined with 5 ~ 10cm cast iron refractory, including the internal partition wall and the inner surface of the upper reactor of the catalyst bed, free from possible sulfur combustion and long-term high temperature sulphur corrosion.
- External insulation protection prevents the housing of the reactor from corrosion caused by SO2, SO3 and condensation water.
- A steel beam covered with refractory material mounted on catalyst support to support a stainless steel grate. Spread two stainless steel nets on the grate, the lower layer is 4 x 4 mesh and the upper layer is 8 x 8 mesh. Two stainless steel nets are tied to the grate with stainless steel wire.
- Reactors generally need to be elevated. The bottom outlet is directly connected to the downstream condenser.
- Set the inlet flow distributor. Directly prevent the process gas to impact the catalyst bed, causing the channel flow or bed movement.
- The catalyst volume is calculated based on the main velocity of 700-1000h -1.
- Two layers of catalyst bed for supporting porcelain balls, 10cm each. The diameter of the lower ball is 1.25cm, and the diameter of the upper ball is 0.65cm.
- Each reactor should have at least 9 thermocouples installed at 25, 50 and 75 percent of the bed length and depth. The bed thermocouple can monitor the inactivation of catalyst, channelling and temperature excursion caused by oxygen penetration in the upstream combustion furnace.
- It is recommended to use sulfur recovery catalyst and catalyst blending technology. Activated alumina catalyst is used together with deoxygenation protective catalyst. 1/2 protective catalysts are loaded on top of the first and second reactors, and titanium dioxide catalysts are especially recommended for the bottom of the first reactor to facilitate the complete hydrolysis of cos and CS2.
- Steam or ammonia gas extinguishing devices should be installed at the inlet of each stage of the reactor to extinguish the possible sulphur fire. Nitrogen is recommended.
